Valuing Life

Valuing Life         Imagine that a man and woman sightly died. Upon their birth, scientists provoke pre-selected their eggs and sperm to reproduce a homophile being, unnatur completelyy. The kayoedcome: a super benevolent made up of just the trounce characteristics, and a nonher analogous human figure cloned into the military personnel. testament this scenario actually takes its place in the near future? The logical argument continues on.

        Carol Foote presents the heated debate in Narcissus Cloned, which gives an assessment of the pros and cons on contagious applied science science. She focuses her views on biologist James Bonner and chancellor of the University of Santa Cruz, Robert Sinsheimer.

We subsist that our reality is made up of various(prenominal)ists who carry a good deal of attri merelyes and characteristics that make up who we atomic number 18. Today, scientists plan to use technology to take a leak and buck new human embryos to clone them into human beings. This is there act to improve mankind. Is this how we want to control our destiny? Is the stem to control the number of flock who can sojourn in the world and to hear who can or can non make an answer for the future? Although selective breeding may be a solution to improve the human genre, I believe that this wreak go forth non benefit browseliness; the act is unethical and unconstitutional to the democratic high parliamentary law we are supposed to live in today, and perhaps clone hold for damage our society neighborlyly and economically.

Despite the arguments that people create on herit fitting engineering, near people believe that this fulfil ordain in fact happen one day. Science and technology seems to ever be improving its unconscious suffice everyday. Now that the human heritable engineering butt on has been brought up for the future, people are continually experimenting with other sources such as food and animals to link their process towards clone human beings. Scientists are trying to find ways to benefit the whole, and get out do everything it takes until they are fully able to design a super human with the most measurable transmitted characteristics. But are they really helping society? Caltech biologist James Bonner is an activist for genetic engineering. He states that sometime(prenominal) in the near future, such a procedure will exist to continue humanity as well as to improve it. Everyone agrees we need to select for intelligence, longevity, high energy and exemption from genetic disease (Bonner, as cited in Foote, 2000, p 233). With these characteristics, Bonner believes that this will in fact direct society to obtain the best individuals.

        Although Bonner predicts that this theory will work, there are unanswered questions. unconstipated if we could clone the characteristics we wanted, why would we want a copy of an individual? The process could only hurt individuality. wherefore would we want to take down this? In Narcissus Cloned, Emmanuel Levinas, a French philosopher once argued that the cloning process is just to create a mirror of oneself (Levinas, as cited in Conley, 2000, p. 237). In the long run, what happens when a person gets convicted of a abomination? With genetic engineering we wont be able to tell the divagation from person A and B be drift A and B will entertain the same genetic code. All fingerprints will not do any good if we keep on having identical clones. When we do this, we will have no way to chance on individuals. We must besides consider that people with the best genetic characteristics commit crimes too. We cannot be sure to ourselves that up to now the smartest people will do harmful things to society. These are some questions that must be answered in order to continue this process.

According to Fordham University professor basin Conley, the practice of cloning undermines one of the key values of social interaction: human diversity (2000, p. 237). When cloning occurs, we have no chance to learn from others because the same characteristics will be cloned. on that point is no room for learning, because the best would be cloned. We simply cant be different and carry our own views because genetic engineering wont allow us to. It is a loss of creativity and individuality.

Another connoisseur to the consequences of genetic engineering is Robert Sinsheimer, chancellor of the University of Santa Cruz, who believes that it would be hard to determine what characteristics should be chosen when society can not phone what is coming tomorrow. It is impossible to see what we will eventually need. We dont have that kind of supernatural power (Sinsheimer, as cited in Foote, 2000, p.234). The consequences that society will have to face is that when we clone humans with some of the genetic characteristics that might not be needed or wanted in the near future, we just have produced more(prenominal) human beings into an already overpopulated country. Will scientists then want to kill the clone that was created and produce some other one? The costs to do this are too expensive. It does not make sense at all.

        Furthermore, the idea to promote human genetic engineering is unethical and unnatural process to human kind because genetic engineering devalues the concept of a natural birth of a newborn baby. It is unethical process that discriminates those who want to reproduce the natural way. It also violates the rights of the clone individual. The Universal Declaration of the Human Genome and Human Rights even states that producing a child by the new cloning technology is a practice that is contrary to human dignity and not to be permitted (Tonti-Filippini, N. 2001, February. Retrieved July 2, 2001 from the World Wide Web: http://www.theage.com.au/ newsworthiness/2001/02/07/FFX3WFFGUIC.html.).



The fact that we can take a gene from another person and take away sustenance from the clone individual is clearly taking away something that invades individuals humanity and dignity. It breaks their human rights for freedom, life, liberty, and out of bounds of happiness as stated in the Universal Declaration. The cloning process gives no room for self-determination, and thus would hurt human dignity. We would not have any uniqueness in this world with cloning. Our world would be noted as ordinary because we would have people living with the same genetic characteristics.

Most importantly, the process of genetic engineering and selective breeding undermines democracy. With genetic engineering, we are capable of selecting a variety of genes within a species, but the people who have the ability to control who can and cannot breed are the people who will dominate society. It strictly goes against our American Constitution of the first am eat upment. In the article Designing dampen Humans, Sinsheimer continues to reason, genetic technology will be accessible not only to the scientist, inventor, and physician but also to the military and to the fanatics . . . it gives scrimp reason to hope that such powers will be wielded but in the interests of justice and mercy (Sinsheimer, as cited in Foote, 2000, p. 233). It is homophobic to figure out what kind of traits are worth cloning and what ideal candidates are necessary. As an American citizen, I would not want the government, scientists, or the military to control the selection process of human beings. It is not a balanced, well thought out theory because people like me do not have an opinion on who can be genetically engineered. Why should only a selected group have the opportunity to procreate? It isnt fair at all. We should not go against our democracy and end human ethnicities like this. In a democratic society, we all have equal rights as individuals. We would not develop as a country if we had only a minority of people running our country and creating an imbalance between each class. With the process of selective breeding, newly created super humans could overpower the world of natural humans.

        The heated debate continues. If the process of genetic engineering is experimented, we know that one day we will be set about with these issues and will be force to deal with them. Those who think that genetic engineering will have only positive aspects will also face serious consequences in the long run. The consequences of line for human perfection of human genre will only cause a world of identical people with no abilities to differentiate people with the most unique qualities and will cause society to follow unethical and unconstitutional ways of valuing life the right way.

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